Plyometric push up and squat

Plyometric push up and squat

Im planing to do plyometric push up and squat to see will it improve my barbell lifts. I read it is good for muscle fibers type IIb and IIx which are fast twitch fibers. In push up we lift about 64% of body weight and in squats 70 to 80%.I will start with just bodyweight at 10 sets x 3 reps, 5 second in bottom position to elimimate stretch reflex and see how i progress maybe add some weight later on. Did anybody do this kind of exercise and can you share your expirience or just say oppinion?

First, if you pause to remove the stretcth reflex, it is not plyometric anymore. In fact, eve if you don’t pause it might not be plyometric. To be plyometric, and action must:

  1. Have an important storage of potential energy from the absorption phase (which typically only happens when you have to SUDDENLY absorb a force and this occurs mostly when the muscle is relaxes/not under load and has to quickly turn on upon impact)
  1. Has a very short ground contact time, less than 250 milliseconds. More than that and the plyometric effect is lost.

So, pausing in the bottom is the best way to make sure that a movement will not be plyometric.

Now, that doesn’t mean that this type of exercise doesn’t work, it does (to build explosiveness).

See, muscle power is produced by three main factors:

  1. Voluntary muscle contraction
  2. Elasticity of the muscles and tendons
  3. Plyometric effect (storage of potential energy to be used subsequently)

Each type of jump/throw/power training will involve 1 or more of these factors to varying degrees. Pausing, or using a softer surface will increase the reliance on the muscle contraction factor while decreasing (or removing) the others.

Paused explosive work is very effective a developing the capacity of the muscles to produce force explosively. But it’s not plyometric.

But the more important question is whether this type of training will help you lift bigger weights.

Two main things to consider:

  1. Strength gains are velocity-specific: you get stronger at he velocity you are training. The further away the speed of an exercise is to that of another movement, the less transfer there is.

  2. Explosive training can increase the conversion of IIa fibers into IIx, or, more accurately it better maintains IIx fibers, preventing them from converting to IIa. But is that really a good thing for strength? If your goal is to be maximally explosive (sprinting, jumping, hitting, changing directions, etc) having more IIx and less IIa might be a good thing. But for IIa fibers are actually better suited to strength work. Think about it: when you train for strength, IIx fibers convert to IIa fibers. The body always adapts to be better at what you ask it to do. So if strength training converts IIx fibers into IIa, that’s likey that IIa are more effective fiber during strength movements.

IIa are just as strong as the IIx, but are more resilient to fatigue. Yes, they are a bit less “explosive”, but strength is not dependant on that. A max effort often requires grinding the weight up, and IIa fibers will be better at that.

As for strength gains being velocity-specific. The main reason is that the firing pattern is different between explosive actions and strength actions.

Here’s what muscle recruitment looks like during explosive actions (keep in mind that this happens VERY quickly):

triphasicpower

  • The primer movers and synergists (agonists) fire to produce a burst of acceleration. During that time the agonist (opposing muscles) relax. This is because agonist and antagonist co-contractions is great for joint stability but bad for speed production (as you are fighting against the resistance AND opposing muscles). To favor acceleration the body relaxes antagonist muscles because acceleration is favorer over stability during those fast movements.
  • Then there is a relaxation of the primer movers/synergists and a quick activation of the antagonist. This is to create some stability when the initial acceleration is created.
  • Finally, there is a second burst of primer movers/synergist activation along with a relaxation of the opposing/antagonist muscles to reach top speed.

Compare that to what happens during slower, heavier tasks:

monophasic

Here we only have one phase: during heavy lifts, joint stability is favored over acceleration (the more stable you are, the more force you can produce). So the prime movers/synergists (agonist) are firing hard throughout and there is a background co-contraction of the antagonist to provide more stability.

What does that mean? It means that neurologically, both types of actions are quite different. You can be really good at one and bad at the other. And improving one doesn’t automatically mean that the other will improve.

Will explosive push-ups and jumps improve maximal strength? Probably not. At least not if you are already pretty well-trained. It might have indirect effects by improving the capacity of the central nervous system to send a strong activation signal to the muscles and maybe the muscle’s responsiveness to that signal. So it’s certainly not a complete waste.

But if your goal is to get stronger, it is probably not going to give you what you want. If you were an athlete who needs to be explosive or explosive and strong, it would be more beneficial. But for pure strength, it will be a bit limited.

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Coach thanks for this exhaustive answer, now the things are much clearer.
When you mention pausing is good for explosive strength that is why i posted this.
My weakness is off the chest in BP and i want to fix that by working on starting strength. Can we expect you will post some Dead BP program to run it alone or with other progrms in near future?
Its hard to found one, some start low at 60% and increase intensity while some do high intensity work for several reps with one set.

While it can help. As I mentioned, there is little transfer from doing a light movement explosively to being able to accelerate a heavy weight.

My favorite methods to work on the low portion of a bench are:

  1. Functional isometrics around 3-6" from the chest. Here’s an example:

Basically, you set the bar on a low set of pins, and then you press it into a second set of pins around 3-6" from the chest. Note that in the video, Tom is using a light weight just for demonstration purposes. In reality you should work up to the heaviest weight you can keep pressing into the pins for 5 seconds.

  1. Spotto press: lower the bar to around 2-3cm from the chest. Hold there for 2 seconds, then press up. This should be done for 3-5 reps.

  2. 1 & 1/2 bench: lower the bar to the chest, press it up around 10-12cm, lower it back down, press it up completely… this is ONE rep… do set of 3-5 reps.

  3. Buffalo/Duffalo bar bench (or DB bench press with exaggerated range of motion): these bars are curved and increase the range of motion by a few centimeters, working the low part harder. Here I’d go with sets of 5-7 reps.

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