Here is what I would guess the problem to be. More than any other exercise within the starting strength program, the overhead press requires your body work correctly. Take a look at this push press from Mark Felix.
While your friend is performing a strict press with no push, this video is very helpful in seeing errors in pressing form.
If you notice Felix has no trouble getting the weight up and over his head, but has a huge problem with the lockout. This problem with the top end of a press is very common and results from the following:
1- Soft Tissue/Flexibility problems within certain rotator cuff muscles most commonly infraspinatus.
2- Poor Serratus and lower trap strength, muscles vital to strong upward rotation of the scapula.
3- tight pec minor, will pull shoulder forward in almost exact opposition to what the lower trap and serratus are attempting to do.
Those numbers look way, way off strength wise, as his squat and deadlift numbers started relatively high and went higher, and the bench press and the overhead press numbers started way too low and stayed there.
The bench press is affected by the above factors as well but the overhead press is affected enormously.
Do this. Have your friend stand straight up in front of a mirror and straighten his arms up overhead keeping his upper arm as close to his head as possible. I guarantee he cannot do it without bending his elbows significantly.
A bench press and overhead press that unbelievably weak in comparison to other lifts says one thing. A mechanical problem.
Also, I bet on his rows that he is not hitting full, proper scapular retraction.
Possibly like this.
There is no way that he is so terribly weak on his bench and overhead press but his pulling movement is unaffected. There is absolutely a problem there as well.
He is going to need ART as it sounds like he has some serious soft tissue problems and weaknesses.
Working harder in the weight room is not going to improve this one iota.