[quote]Jumanji wrote:
Chuck~
It is basically a carryover from what higher level track coaches have known for decades… that calf strength is different than calf stiffness.
There are many differences between a guy who can calf raise a house, but sticks to the floor when he bounds, runs, jumps, etc, and the guy who (relative to bodyweight) has comparatively weak calves, but seems as though he literally bounces off the ground.
Watch most football guys who merely use a huge dose of squat / bench / dead, etc, and unless they have naturally stiff claves they will always dip in the heel area when they move…
So, at the start of the 40, the heel dips almost to the ground… when they land, the heel dips again… and so the story goes…
The issue here isn’t strength (it could be, but usually isn’t), but rather it is usable strength. The muscle doesn’t isometrically fire fast enough, holding the tendon taught, so the tendon can function as it is supposed to: as a rubber band…
The issue that arises is when the body senses a flat tire so to speak, it shuts down the big engines: the hips, gluteals, and quads… the body won’t let all that strength be displayed if it is going to cause another bodypart to operate at the risk of injury… the calves are strong enough, but the firing pattern and rate is too slow for its own good!!
Now, when landing on all of these little hops, depth landings, etc, the hips should be back, back straight to arched, and the foot should land on the forefoot… not the balls of the foot, not the toes, not whole footed…
By landing either whole footed, or heel-toe, you forego loading the calves and achilles with force…with pre-stretch… you miss out on reactivity.
What you should always be looking for is the athlete’s ability to “bounce” back, or to land with a very quick cessation phase, and basically no heel drop…very little. The heel will drop some from the achilles and calves absorbing force, but not like an athlete who is unprepared.
Also worth noting is that the athlete who is not dorsiflexed and reaches for the ground will not be rewarded with the very fast absorption that a dorsiflexed athlete experiences. I do not overemphasize dorsiflexion, but, rather it is a learned state from drilling with knees and toes up.
Remember that how quickly the athlete is able to display force is the key.
An athlete should be contacting the ground as close to directly under the center of gravity as possible. For those of you who have watched the Parisi 40 yard dash video, Martin states that the athlete who takes the first fewest steps in the first 10 will be the fastest… this is true only is all of the athletes are footstriking under the COG. A footstrike out in front causes deceleration, and will dampen the amount of force absorbed by the PF area (I will let you picture the structure in your own head and picture why this is… simple really). So the fewest steps is actually created through force generated, not reaching… very key point.
In all of the PF drills, I really watch for the athlete to be contacting the ground under the COG, for the frontside mechanics (if they exist) to be very good (knee up, toe up), and for the athlete to be back off the ground within 20-25 degrees (thigh to pelvis ratio). Remember that in drive phase the hips will be angled with the athletes, so this must be accounted for… and remember that the more explosive the athlete, the deeper the drive phase angle can be!!
So go try this: do the age old buttkicker drills. I usually don’t use these much myself, but they are the easiest to understand. Go do buttkickers, and see if you can learn to bounce when doing them… literally get to where you land in a dorsiflexed position, and expend ZERO energy to bounce back up. Just isometrically hold the calf, and spring…yeah!!
This is where it all begins.
That firing pattern must be learned… since the calves truthfully don’t contribute a whole lot to push-off. (Try doing a vert with locked knees and no arms!!)
The calf is actually, IMO, one of the mechanical flaws in humans… which is why many animals really just forgoe (sp?)this muscle altogether… I think. I don’t really see one on my dog, and I wish I ran like her!!
Just a long tendon, a short foot lever, and hammies, glutes, and hips musculature!!
Sign me up!!
OK, so then we can watch for heel dip in everything the athlete does… it is easy to assess once you start looking for it.
Now, just begin your athletes from ground zero, progress them from simple / little force to complex / great force… and you will have an explosive athlete with great body control… simple.
All of this other lifting stuff just underpins the above process… vital, but certainly not the whole picture.
I just moved and am working to secure training with the local soccer / basketball / volleyball clubs, plus am still doing consulting work. After I am OK again $$ wise in this new area I will work on pulling everything together and writing something for the site, a book, etc. I have all of my progressions, but just haven’t fomalized everything. When I do, you all will be the first to know.
J
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Thanks for the generous explanation. On the subject of dorsiflexion… My cue is to pull my toes up when running, hopping, jumping or landing?