Environmental factors do play a large role, as does past trauma and genetic predisposition.
There are two facets to drug use that I see
- drug use to numb pain
- drug use for the context of a good night out
Depending on individualistic philosophies and beliefs will garner which (or if at all) you perceive a variable to be justified or not. The people who use in the context within the first category are those that have a higher potential of running into trouble, as reinforcing properties are more pronounced if the substance at stake succeeds at getting the job done. For these individuals, environmental factors need not apply, as the prospect of drug use will occur regardless of friend groups etc (as they’ve turned to drug use to dull a void, trauma, emptiness etc)
The second type of drug use (through not always) tends to be less worrying in nature, as an individual with normal neurology can handle a good night out every once in a while. There is no deep rooted ailment one is looking to drown, it’s just the prospect of fun. This tends to be highly environmental in nature, as a friend group demographic steeped in hard drugs will more than likely use such substances to supplement a night out on the streets/clubbing or whatever, in which case an individual may feel more pressured to take, even if not initially… repeated exposure does tend to create a heightened level of comfortability regarding substance abuse. I recall when I was seventeen the first time I saw a guy snort coke… I was rather shocked. Cocaine is 3-450$ per gram where I live, thus aside from the nature of the drug it isn’t typically something kids have on them. Now if I see such a thing I think “ehhh”… it doesn’t phase me as over time I’ve gotten used to seeing this, such development of comfortability DOES increase the chances of future use down the line for just about everyone, just as how having parents who smoke tends to create a sense of acceptance and normality within a child regarding the act of cigarette smoking, thus the child is more likely to take up smoking as an adult. I’ve never used cocaine for reference, so seeing use time and time again hasn’t convinced me to use the drug, though at one point I did legitimately ponder… then I re-researched the compound to remind myself what an absolutely horrific idea that was lol
I’m not the designated driver within my group… no one is… there are a select few who will drive regardless of what they’re using, in which case I’ll stay sober the entire night and drive home or I’ll Uber/take a cab as I have a rule as to never get in a moving vehicle with an impaired driver.
As to trauma/numbing pain. One will find that a majority of addicts have past events, deep rooted issues or ailment that they haven’t dealt with and thus have turned to drugs to cope. Whilst such a measure works fantastically within an acute setting… acquiring a drug dependence only compounds issues, now you’ve got a habit, you’re neurology is out of whack and you need money to buy more drugs just to maintain what semblance of a life you call homeostasis etc… depending on the compound at stake (coke/meth addiction per se) any sense of reality may be completely distorted… you’re initial problems you started using to bottle up are now bigger and badder than ever… and what do you do… you take more fucking drugs. I don’t believe lighter drugs such as cannabis or LSD or even moderate level compounds such as MDMA are “gateway” drugs, I believe the gateway is largely steeped within inadequate mental health… perhaps I’m wrong though
You’ll find that genetic predisposition does play a role, however the concept of a certain type of addiction “running” within a family, I think is BS. If you’re an alcoholic and you blame it on you’re father being an alcoholic (“genetics”)… is it because of genetics or is it because you’re father would beat you/abuse as a child while drunk, and now you reciprocate similar behaviour (heavy drinking in this case) to try reduce the emotional long term detriment induced by you’re father?
Edit: should specify my friend group doesn’t use cocaine, it’s some of the groups my group occasionally associates with that do