The 10 and 1rm differences that are being explained go like this:
For men concerning their 1rm, it’s linear as Boatguy mentioned. To simplify it, think of a graph, with the x and y axis. The plots that can be predicted considering studies, follow a line, to some extent, or go in a noticeable direction. With the rep maxes decreasing as the poundages increase. (More reps, less weight, more weight, less reps).
With women, pertaining to one of the few articles on this site, states that women can do somewhere around 5 sets closer to their 1rm. It may also apply to single or double reps closer to the 1rm as well, but it’ll vary depending on the individual. So say you have a woman who has a 1rm, she can perform anywhere from 1-5 more reps or sets closer to her specific 1rm than men according to their specific 1rm. Say she’s capped out at 95%, as uses that as a rough estimate of her 1rm, she could push out 1-5 more reps and/or sets with 90-85% or something close in that range.
If you were trying to graph that, it would kind of look more like a cluster of points situated around the markers that indicate 80+%-95+%, for women than a general linear plot of point for men. It would still follow a somewhat linear direction for both though.
This is just a vague example.
Depends. Some studies site that, some focus more on the eccentric part of the lift, concerning women, neither are wrong, they’re just reporting different aspects. But it’s still proportionate to that individuals 1rm. Also depends, as mentioned by others who that study is done on and for how long, and what the activity level is of the participants.
Generally speaking yes.
They can dish out more reps and sets closer to their 1rm. But it’s not solely about 1rm. They can up their frequency a bit more, and dish out more negatives. But once again it’s still proportionate to the individual.
If you’re strictly judging according to how much weight is on the bar regardless of age, height, years of experience, diet, lean body mass, etc…then obviously yes. At least for the vast majority of people you see at the gym. But as stated before, if you’re following a bit more of a specific outline, such as the studies mentioned and not mentioned, and fitting people into categories according to similar height, lean mass, muscle fibers, years of experience, weight, then yes…stuff starts to even out across the board.
This all general speak. Nobody jump on me. I’m just simplifying as best as I can.