Most of what I have read says that it is much harder to build coordination than it is to build strength as you age. Therefore, focusing on the neurological side of training, i.e. max velocity training, should be the priority when young. Strength training can be implemented more as one gets older.
There are some sprinters that never touched weights for most of their careers like Carl Lewis and Kim Collins and there are sprinters like Ben Johnson who could squat like 600lbs. CT talks about it in the following forum post.
My personal theory is that your stride length and turnover rate are 2 of the most important keys to running fast. I believe your stride length will naturally get longer as you get stronger. Therefore, increasing your max will increase your speed if you are able to maintain weight and turnover. Focusing on posterior chain and explosive movements like oly lifts are ideal. I am not sure about the hip thrust but I keep reading about it and want to try it.
Edit: I don’t believe that lifting is bad for young athletes wanting to get faster, in fact I think it is very beneficial. However, coaches typically don’t have very much time with athletes in high school and youth sports. In the case of limited time speed work is substantially more important.