[quote]ZEB wrote:
So let?s do the math?it has been 33 years since homosexuality was considered a mental illness. Once these organizations conducted decades of systematic, objective research on homosexuality, they realized that it does not qualify as a mental illness.
Show me the studies!
I have put forth numerous studies in this thread and others.
They made a decision purely based upon political correctness.
Did you read the link that I provided on the Spitzer study? Not only is Spitzer misrepresented, but the findings of his research are completely divorced from the context of the scores of research studies that have shown sexual orientation cannot be changed.
Please don’t think for a second that the Spitzer study is the only work out there that demonstrates that homosexuals can change:
"(May 9, 2001). Press Release, National Association for Research & Therapy of Homosexuality, Prominent Psychiatrist Announces New Study Results: “Some Gays can Change.”
“Like most psychiatrists,” says Dr. Robert L. Spitzer, “I thought that homosexual behavior could be resisted, but sexual orientation could not be changed. I now believe that’s untrue–some people can and do change.”
Acosta, F., (1975) Etiology and treatment of homosexuality: review. Archives of Sexual Behavior. 4:9-29.
??better prospects for intervention in homosexual life and in its prevention through the early identification and treatment of the potential homosexual child.? (p. 9)
Aries, P. and A. Bejin, ed., Male Homosexuality in Western Sexuality: Practice and Precept in Past and Present Times, 40-61, cited by Joseph Nicolosi in Reparative Therapy of Male Homosexuality. Northvale, NJ: Jason Aronson Inc., 1991), 124-125.
Bieber, I., et al. (1962) Homosexuality: A Psychoanalytic Study of Male Homosexuals. NY: Basic Books.
?The therapeutic results of our study provide reason for an optimistic outlook. Many homosexuals became exclusively heterosexual in psychoanalytic treatment. Although this change may be more easily accomplished by some than by others, in our judgment a heterosexual shift is a possibility for all homosexuals who are strongly motivated to change.? (p. 319)
Bieber, I., Bieber, T. (1979) Male homosexuality. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry. 24, 5:409-421.
?We have followed some patients for as long as 20 years who have remained exclusively heterosexual. Reversal estimates now range from 30% to an optimistic 50%.? (p.416)
Cappon, D., (1965) Toward an Understanding of Homosexuality. Englewoord Cliffs NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Of patients with bisexual problems 90% were cured (i.e., no reversions to homosexual behavior, no consciousness of homosexual desire and fantasy) in males who terminated treatment by common consent. Male homosexual patients: 80% showed marked improvement (i.e., occasional relapses, release of aggression, increasingly dominant heterosexuality)? 50% changed.? (p. 265-268)
Clippinger, J., (1974) Homosexuality can be cured. Corrective and Social Psychiatry and Journal of Behavior Technology Methods and Therapy. 21, 2:15-28.
?Of 785 patients treated, 307, or approximately 38%, were cured. Adding the percentage figures of the two other studies, we can say that at least 40% of the homosexuals were cured, and an additional 10 to 30% of the homosexuals were improved, depending on the particular study for which statistics were available.? (p. 22)
Fine, R., (1987) Psychoanalytic theory. (in Diamant L. Male and Female Homosexuality: Psychological Approaches. Washington: Hemisphere Publishing.) 81-95.
??a considerable percentage of overt homosexuals became heterosexual? If patients were motivated, whatever procedure is adopted a large percentage will give up their homosexuality? The misinformation that homosexuality is untreatable by psychotherapy does incalculable harm to thousands of men and women?? (p. 85-86)
Fitzgibbons, R., (1999) The origins and therapy of same-sex attraction disorder. (in Wolfe, C. Homosexuality and American Public Life. Spence) 85-97.
"The second most common cause of SSAD [same sex attraction disorder] among males is mistrust of women?s love? Male children in fatherless homes often feel overly responsible for their mothers. As they enter their adolescence, they may come to view female love as draining and exhausting.? (p. 89)
?Experience has taught me that healing is a difficult process, but through the mutual efforts of the therapist and the patient, serious emotional wounds can be healed over a period of time.? (p. 96)
Goetze, R. (1997) Homosexuality and the Possibility of Change: A Review of 17 Published Studies. Toronto Canada: New Directions for Life.
44 persons who were exclusively or predominantly homosexual experienced a full shift of sexual orientation.
Hatterer, L., (1970) Changing Homosexuality in the Male. NY: McGraw-Hill.
49 patients changed (20 married, of these 10 remained married, 2 divorced, 18 achieved heterosexual adjustments); 18 partially recovered, remained single; 76 remained homosexual (28 palliated ? 58 unchanged) ?A large undisclosed population has melted into heterosexual society, persons who behaved homosexually in late adolescence and early adulthood, and who, on their own, resolved their conflicts and abandoned such behavior to go on to successful marriages or to bisexual patterns of adoption.? (p. 14)
James, Elizabeth (1978) Treatment of Homosexuality: A Reanalysis and Synthesis of Outcome Studies (unpublished PhD dissertation, Brigham Young University, on file with Brigham Young University Library).
Elizabeth James meta-analyzed over 100 outcome studies published between 1930 and 1976, and concluded that when all the research was combines, 35% of homosexual clients “recovered” and 27% improved.
Kaye, H., Beri, S., Clare, J., Eleston, M., Gershwin, B., Gershwin, P., Kogan, L., Torda, C., Wilber, C. (1967) Homosexuality in Women. Archives of General Psychiatry. 17:626-634.
??optimism in the psychoanalytic treatment of homosexual women. ?at least a 50% probability of significant improvement in women with this syndrome who present themselves for treatment and remain in it.? (p. 634)
Kronemeyer, R. (1980) Overcoming Homosexuality. NY: Macmillian
?For those homosexuals who are unhappy with their life and find effective therapy it is ?curable?.? (p.7)
MacIntosh, H. (1994) Attitudes and experiences of psychoanalysts. Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association. 42, 4: 1183-1207.
824 male patients of 213 analysts ? 197 (23.9%) changed to heterosexuality, 703 received significant therapeutic benefit; and of the 391 female patients of 153 analysts ? 79 (20.2%) changed to heterosexuality, 318 received significant therapeutic benefit. (p. 1183)
MacIntosh, H. (1995) Attitudes and Experiences of Psychoanalysts in Analyzing Homosexual Patients. Journal of the American Psychiatric Association 1183.
422 psychiatrists were asked if they had successfully treated homosexuals, and did they agree that a homosexual can be changed to heterosexual. Of the 285 responses, which involved 1,215 homosexuals, the survey stated that 23% changed to heterosexuality. 84% benefited significantly by reducing their attraction to other members of the same gender, with a decrease in homosexual activity.
Marmor, J. (1975) Homosexuality and Sexual Orientation Disturbances. (In Freedman, A., Kaplan, H., Sadock, B. Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry: II, Second Edition. Baltimore MD: Williams & Wilkins)
?This conviction of untreatability also serves an ego-defensive purpose for many homosexuals. ?however, there has evolved a greater therapeutic optimism about the possibilities for change? There is little doubt that a genuine shift in preferential sex object choice can and does take place in somewhere between 20 and 50 per cent of patients with homosexual behavior who seek psychotherapy with this end in mind.? (p. 1519)
Newman, L., (1976) Treatment for the parents of feminine boys. American Journal of Psychiatry. 133, 6: 683-687.
?Experiences of being ostracized and ridiculed may play a more important role than has been recognized in the total abandonment of the male role at a later time.? (p. 687)
?Feminine boys, unlike men with postpubertal gender identity disorders seem remarkably responsive to treatment.? (p. 684)
Nicolosi, J., Byrd, A., Potts, R. (1998) Towards the Ethical and Effective Treatment of Homosexuality. Encino CA:
Nicolosi surveyed 850 individuals and 200 therapists and counselors ? specifically seeking out individuals who claim to have made a degree of change in sexual orientation. Before counseling or therapy, 68% of respondents perceived themselves as exclusively or almost entirely homosexual, with another 22% stating they were more homosexual than heterosexual. After treatment only 13% perceived themselves as exclusively or almost entire homosexuality, while 33% described themselves as either exclusively or almost entirely heterosexual, 99% of respondents said they now believe treatment to change homosexuality can be effective and valuable.
Pattison, E.M., Pattison, M.L. (1980, December) ?Ex-Gays?: Religiously Mediated Change in Homosexuals. American Journal of Psychiatry. 137 (12): 1553-1562.
Authors evaluated 11 white men who claimed to have changed sexual orientation from exclusive homosexuality to exclusive heterosexuality. Corollary evidence suggests that the phenomenon of substantiated change in sexual orientation without explicit treatment and/or long-term psychotherapy may be much more common than previously thought.
Rekers, J. (1988) The formation of homosexual orientation. (In Fagan, P. Hope for Homosexuality. Washington DC: Free Congress Foundation.)
?With major research grants from the National Institute of Mental Health, I have experimentally demonstrated an affective treatment for ‘gender identity disorder of childhood’, which appears to hold potential for preventing homosexual orientation in males.?
Satinover, J., (1996) Homosexuality and the Politics of Truth. Grand Rapids MI: Baker.
These reports contradict claims that change is impossible. It would be more accurate to say that all the existing evidence suggests strongly that homosexuality is quite changeable.
?Each individual?s homosexuality is the likely result of a complex mixture of genetic, intrauterine, and extrauterine biological factors combined with familial and social factors as well as repeatedly reinforced choices.? (p. 245)
“A study conducted by a homosexual couple found that out of 156 same-sex couples ‘only seven had maintained sexual fidelity; of the hundred couples that had been together for more than five years, none had been able to maintain sexual fidelity. The authors noted that the expectation for outside sexual activity was the rule for male couples and the exception for heterosexuals.’”
Schwartz, M.F., Masters, W.H. (1984, February). The Masters and Johnson treatment program for dissatisfied homosexual men. American Journal of Psychiatry. 141 (2): 173-181.
?Certain individuals who want to change their homosexual preference can be helped by a short-term intensive intervention. The failure rate in helping dissatisfied homosexuals establish heterosexual lifestyles after the intensive phase of the intervention was 20.9%, and after 5 years? follow-up it was 28.4%.
Spitzer, Robert (May 2001) Psychiatry and Homosexuality, Wall St. Journal, A26.
“In the sample he studied, Spitzer concluded that many (homosexuals) made substantial changes (after gender affirmative therapy) in sexual arousal and fantasy–not merely behavior. Even subjects who made less substantial change believed it to be extremely beneficial.”
Throckmorton, W. (1996) Efforts to modify sexual orientation: A review of outcome literature and ethical issues. Journal of Mental Health and Counseling. 20, 4: 283-305.
?I submit that the case against conversion therapy requires opponents to demonstrate that no patients have benefited from such procedures or that any benefits are too costly in some objective way to be pursued even if they work. The available evidence supports the observation of many counselors ? that many individuals with same-gender sexual orientation have been able to change through a variety of counseling approaches.? (p. 287)
West, D. (1977) Homosexuality Re-examined. London Duckworth
Behavioral techniques have the best document success (never less than 30%); psychoanalysis claims a great deal of success (the average rate seemed to be about 5%, but 50% of the bisexuals achieved exclusive heterosexuality.)
Zucker, K., Bradley, S. (1995) Gender Identity Disorder and Psychosexual Problems in Children and Adolescents. NY: Guilford. ??we feel that parental tolerance of cross-gender behavior at the time of its emergence is instrumental in allowing the behavior to develop?? (p. 259)
??In general we concur with those (e.g. Green 1972; Newman 1976; Stoller, 1978) who believe that the earlier treatment begins, the better.? (p. 281) ?It has been our experience that a sizable number of children and their families can achieve a great deal of change. In these cases, the gender identity disorder resolves fully, and nothing in the children?s behavior or fantasy suggests that gender identity issues remain problematic? All things considered, however, we take the position that in such cases clinicians should be optimistic, not nihilistic, about the possibility of helping the children to become more secure in their gender identity.? (p. 282)
As you can see there is an overwhelming amount of studies that demonstrate that same sex attraction can be changed for many!
I fit the Spitzer definition of ?good heterosexual functioning? during the years that I was married. After all, I was able to have children and repress my orientation during those years. What the study doesn?t tell you though, is that there is a significant long term cost for that repression.
I understand that in your case therapy did not work. However, in many other cases it did work. Not every one of the people in all of the studies listed are repressing their desires.
*Granted, not all of them did. But then not all alcoholics can give up the bottle.?
I find this statement reprehensible on several levels.
What I find reprehensible is that two thirds of all new cases of AIDS are homosexual men!
I find the following reprehensible as well:
(1993). STD Treatment Guidelines: Proctitis, Proctocolitis, and Enteritis. (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). Available at: www.ama-assn.org/special/std/treatmnt/guide/stdg3470.htm.
GBS problems such as proctitis, proctocolitis, and enteritis as ?sexually transmitted gastrointestinal syndromes.?
(1998). Hepatitis C: Epidemiology: Transmission Modes. Mortality and Morbidity Weekly Report (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). Available at: www.cdc.gov/nidod/diseases/hepatitis/c/edu/1/default.htm.
Men who have sex with men who engage in unsafe sexual practices remain at an increased risk for contracting hepatitis C.
(1998, September 4). Mortality and Morbidity Weekly Report (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). p. 708.
?Outbreaks of hepatitis A among men who have sex with men are a recurring problem in many large cities in the industrialized world.?
(1999, December). Table 9. Male Adult/Adolescent AIDS Cases by Exposure Category and Race/Ethnicity. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention. Available at www.cdc.gov/hiv/stats/hasr1102/table9.
?Men who have sex with men? and ?men who have sex with men and inject drugs? together accounted for 64 percent of the cumulative total of male AIDS cases.
(1999, January 29). Increases in unsafe sex and rectal gonorrhea among men who have sex with men ? San Francisco, California, 1994-1997. Mortality and Morbidity Weekly Report (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). p. 45.
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), from 1994 to 1997 the proportion of homosexuals reporting having had anal sex increased from 57.6 percent to 61.2 percent, while the percentage of those reporting ?always? using condoms declined from 69.6 percent to 60 percent.
The proportion of men reporting having multiple sex partners and unprotected anal sex increased from 23.6 percent to 33.3 percent.
(1999, January 29). Mortality and Morbidity Weekly Report (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). p. 48.
Male rectal gonorrhea is increasing among homosexuals amidst an overall decline in national gonorrhea rates.
(2000, November 14). Young People at Risk: HIV/AIDS among America?s Youth. Divisions of HIV/AIDS Prevention (Centers for Disease Control). Available at:
www.cdc.gov/hiv/pubs/facts/youth.htm.
?At least half of all new HIV infections in the United States are among people under twenty-five, and the majority of young people are infected sexually.? By the end of 1999, 29,629 young people aged thirteen to twenty-four were diagnosed with AIDS in the United States. MSM were the single largest risk category: in 1999, for example, 50 percent of all new AIDS cases were reported among young homosexuals.
(2000, September 29). Viral Hepatitis B ? Frequently Asked Questions. National Center for Infectious Diseases (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). Available at: Division of Viral Hepatitis | CDC.
Men who have sex with men are at increased risk for hepatitis B.
Increases in unsafe sex and rectal gonorrhea among men who have sex with men ? San Francisco, California, 1994-1997. Journal of the American Medical Association. 281 (8): 696-697.
Interviews of 21, 850 males: Increasing percentages of men who have sex with men reported engaging in unprotected anal intercourse. There was an Increase in rectal gonorrhea rates.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Morbidity and Morality Weekly Report. 51 (33): 733-736.
920 young black males, ages 15-22, who have sex with men, have very high rates (16%) of HIV infection.
Beral, et al., op cit.; Corey, Lawrence, and King K. Holmes. (1980, February 21). Sexual Transmission of Hepatitis A in Homosexual Men. The New England Journal of Medicine. 302: (8) 435-438.
Bradford, J. (2002, July 10). Lesbian and bisexual health: an overview for healthcare providers. Journal Watch Women?s Health [On-line], Available: womens-health.jwatch.org.
Lesbian and bisexual women have higher reported rates of risk for cancer and cardiovascular disease as well as obesity and High rates of human papilloma virus infection.
Calabrese, L. Harris, B., Easley, K. (1987) Analysis of variables impacting on safe sexual behavior among homosexual men in the area of low incidence for AIDS. Paper presented at the Third International Conference for AIDS. Washington DC. (in Stall 1988)
Sample of gay men living outside of the large coastal gay communities, found that neither attendance at a safe sex lecture, reading a safe sex brochure, receiving advice from a physician about AIDS, testing for HIV antibodies, nor counseling at an alternative test site was associated with participation in safe sex.
Cannon, M.J. et al. (2001, March 1). Blood-borne and sexual transmission of human herpesvirus 8 in women with or at risk for human immunodeficiency virus infection. The New England Journal of Medicine. 344 (9): 637-743.
?Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), the causal agent of Kaposi?s sarcoma, is transmitted sexually among homosexual men.?
Cochran, S.D. et al. (2001 April). Cancer-related risk indicators and preventive screening behaviors among lesbians and bisexual women. American Journal of Public Health. 91 (4); 178-81.
prevalence rates were found in lesbian/bisexual women for obesity, alcohol use, and tobacco use.
Daling, J.R. et al. (1987, October 15). Sexual practices, sexually transmitted diseases, and the incidence of anal cancer. The New England Journal of Medicine. 317 (16): 973-977.
Anal cancers was strongly associated with a history of male homosexual activity.
et al. (2000, July). Sexually Transmitted Infections and Risk Behaviors in Women Who Have Sex with Women. Sexually Transmitted Infections. p. 345.
Women who have sexual relations with women are at significantly higher risk for certain sexually transmitted diseases: ?BV (bacterial vaginosis), hepatitis C, and HIV risk behaviors in WSW as compared with controls.?
Frieberg, P. (2001, January 12). Study: Alcohol Use More Prevalent for Lesbians. The Washington Blade. p. 21.
Lesbian women consume alcohol more frequently, and in larger amounts, than heterosexual women. Lesbians were at significantly greater risk than heterosexual women for both binge drinking (19.4 percent compared to 11.7 percent), and for heavy drinking (7 percent compared to 2.7 percent).
Frisch, M.F. et al. (1997, November 6). Sexually transmitted infection as a cause of anal cancer. The New England Journal of Medicine. 337 (19): 1350-1358.
In a study of 324 women and 93 men with invasive or in situ anal cancer, findings supported the previously recognized association between anal cancer and homosexual contact.
Garbo, J. (2000, July 18). Gay and Bisexual Men Less Likely to Disclose They Have HIV. Gay Health News. Available at www.gayhealth.com/templates/0/news?record=136.
Thirty-six percent of homosexuals engaging in unprotected oral, anal, or vaginal sex failed to disclose that they were HIV positive to casual sex partners.
45 percent of homosexuals reporting having had unprotected anal intercourse during the previous six months did not know the HIV serostatus of all their sex partners. 68 percent did not know the HIV serostatus of their partners.
Hastings, G.E., Weber, R.W. (1993). Inflammatory bowel disease: Part I. Clinical features and diagnosis. American Family Physician. 47: 598-608.
Hogg, R.S. et al. (1997). Modeling the impact of HIV disease on mortality in gay and bisexual men. International Journal of Epidemiology. 26 (3): 657-661.
?Life expectancy at age 20 years for gay and bisexual men is 8 to 20 years less than for all men. If the same pattern of mortality were to continue, we estimate that nearly half of gay and bisexual men currently aged 20 years will not reach their 65th birthday.?
Hoover, D., Munoz, A., Carey, V., Chmiel, J., Taylor, J., Margolick, J., Kingsley, L., Vermund, S. (1991) Estimating the 1978-1990 and future spread of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in subgroups of homosexual men. American Journal of Epidemiology. 134, 10:1190-1205.
?The overall probability of seroconversion [from HIV- to HIV+] prior to age 55 years is about 50%, with seroconversion still continuing at and after age 55. Given that this cohort consists of volunteers receiving extensive and anti-HIV-1 transmission education, the future seroconversion rates of the general homosexual population may be even higher.
Jaffe, et al., op cit.; Quinn, Thomas C., et al. (1983, September 8). The Polymicrobial Origin of Intestinal Infections in Homosexual Men. The New England Journal of Medicine. 309: (10) 576-582.
Judson, F.N. et al. (1980). Comparative Prevalence Rates of Sexually Transmitted Diseases in Heterosexual and Homosexual Men. The American Journal of Epidemiology. 112: 836-843.
Laughon, B.E., Druckman, D.A., et al., (1988). Prevalence of enteric pathogens in homosexual men with and without acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Gastroenterology. 94: 984-993.
Miles, A.J. et al. (1993, March). Effect of anorreceptive intercourse on anorectal function. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. 83: (3) 144-147.
Morris, M., Dean, L., (1994) Effects of sexual behavior change on long-term human immunodeficiency virus prevalence among homosexual men. American Journal of Epidemiology. 140, 3: 217-232.
Osmond, D., Page, K., Wiley, J., Garrett, K., Sheppard, H., Moss, A., Schrager, K., Winkelstein, W., (1994) HIV infection in homosexual and bisexual men 18 to 29 years of age: The San Francisco young men?s health study. American Journal of Public Health. 84, 12: 1933-1937.
Household survey of unmarried men 18 through 29 years of age found that of 328 homosexual men 20.1% tested positive tested for HIV.
Pauk, J., et al. (2000, November 9). Mucosal shedding of human herpesvirus 8 in men. The New England Journal of Medicine. 343: 1369-1377.
Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) is likely the cause of Kaposi?s Sarcoma. Its prevalence in men who have sex with men is much higher than in the general population.
Quinn, T.C. (1984). Gay bowel syndrome. The broadened spectrum of non-genital infection. Postgraduate Medicine. 76: 197-198, 201-210.
Rotello, G. (1997). Sexual Ecology: AIDS and the Destiny of Gay Men. NY: Dutton.
?Who wants to encourage their kids to engage in a life that exposes them to a 50 percent chance of HIV infection? Who even wants to be neutral about such a possibility? If the rationale behind social tolerance of homosexuality is that it allows gay kids an equal shot at the pursuit of happiness, that rationale is hopelessly undermined by an endless epidemic that negates happiness.? (p. 286)
Roundy, B. (2000, December 8). STD?s Up Among Gay Men: CDC Says Rise is Due to HIV Misperceptions. The Washington Blade. Available at: www.washblade.com/health/a.
"A San Francisco study of Gay and bisexual men revealed that HPV infection was almost universal among HIV-positive men, and that 60 percent of HIV-negative men carried HPV.
Schwabke, J.R. (1991, April). Syphilis in the 90s. Medical Aspects of Human Sexuality. 44-49.
Syphilis and gonorrhea are rising in the homosexual and bisexual population.
Shehan, D.A. et al. (2003). HIV/STD Risks in Young Men Who Have Sex with Men Who Do Not Disclose Their sexual Orientation. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. 52: 81-86.
Young MSM who do not disclose their sexual orientation (non-disclosers) are thought to be at particularly high risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection because of low self-esteem, depression, or lack of peer support and prevention services that are available to MSM who are more open about their sexuality (disclosers).
Smith, T.W. (1991, May/June). Adult Sexual Behavior in 1989: Number of Partners, Frequency of Intercourse and Risk of AIDS. Family Planning Perspectives. 23: (3) 102-107 (Table 2, 104).
Valleroy, L.A. et al. (2000, July 12). HIV prevalence and associated risks in young men who have sex with men. Journal of the American Medical Association. 284 (2): 198-204.
Men who have sex with men were found to have a 100 to 700 times greater prevalence rate of HIV infection than primarily heterosexual men who applied for service in the U.S. military. Men who have sex with men were also found to have a high prevalence of hepatitis B viral markers (10.7%). High HIV rates were correlated with anal sex and having had sex with 20 or more men.
Zavodnick, J.M. (1989, January). Detection and Management of Sexual Abuse of Boys. Medical Aspects of Human Sexuality. 80-90.
?Sixteen percent of adult men in the general population have said they were sexually abused as children.?
Zmuda, R. (2000, August 17). Rising Rates of Anal Cancer for Gay Men. Cancer News. Available at: cancerlinksusa.com/cancernews_sm/Aug2000/081700analcancer.
?Most instances of anal cancer are caused by a cancer-causing strain of HPV through receptive anal intercourse. HPV infects over 90 percent of HIV-positive gay men and 65 percent of HIV-negative gay men, according to a number of recent studies.?
And while we are at it I also find this reprehensible:
Aaron, D.J., Markovic, N., Danielson, M.E., et al. (2001). Behavioral risk factors for disease and preventive health practices among lesbians. American Journal of Public Health. 91 (6): 972-975.
Lesbians were more likely to report cigarette use, alcohol use, and heavy alcohol use.
Bailey, J.M. (1999, October). Homosexuality and Mental Illness. Archives of General Psychiatry. 56: 883-884.
?Homosexual people are at a substantially higher risk for some forms of emotional problems, including suicidality, major depression and anxiety disorder. Gay, lesbian, or bisexual people were at an increased lifetime risk for suicidal ideation and behavior, major depression, generalized anxiety disorder, conduct disorder, and nicotine dependence.?
Beitchman, J., Zucker, K., Hood, J., DaCosta, G., Akman, D. (1991) A review of the short-term effects of child sexual abuse. Child Abuse & Neglect. 15:257-556.
?Among adolescents, commonly reported sequalae (of child sexual abuse) include sexual dissatisfaction, promiscuity, homosexuality, and an increased risk for re-victimization.? (p. 537)
?A review of studies reporting symptomology among sexually abused adolescents revealed evidence for the presence of depression, low self-esteem, and suicidal ideation.? (p. 544)
Bradford, J. et al. (1994). National Lesbian Health Care Survey: Implications for Mental Health Care. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. 62: 239, cited in Health Implications Associated with Homosexuality, p. 81.
More than half of lesbians had felt too nervous to accomplish ordinary activities at some time during the past year and over one-third had been depressed.
Bradley, S., Zucker, K. (1997) Gender identity disorder: A review of the past 10 Years. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. 34, 7:872-880.
?Girls with GID [Gender Identity Disorder] ?have difficulty connecting with their mothers, who are perceived as weak and ineffective. We see this perception as arising from the high levels of psychopathology observed in these mothers, especially severe depression and borderline personality disorder.? (p. 877)
?In our female adolescents with GID, a history of sexual abuse or fears of sexual aggression has appeared commonly.? (p. 878)
Cochran, S.D., Mays, V.M. (2000). Relation between psychiatric syndromes and behaviorally defined sexual orientation in a sample of the US population. American Journal of Epidemiology. 151 (5): 516-523.
Homosexually active men were more likely than other men to have evidence of major depression and panic attack syndromes. Homosexually active women were more likely than other women to be classified with alcohol or drug dependency syndromes. Both men and women reporting any same-gender sex partners were more likely than others to have used mental health services.
Diamant, A.L., Wold, C., Sritzer, K., Gelberg, L. (2000, November-December). Health Behaviors, Health Status, and Access to and Use of Health Care. Archives of Family Medicine. 9: 1043-1051.
Lesbians and bisexual women were more likely than heterosexual women to use tobacco products and to report any alcohol consumption, but only lesbians were significantly more likely than heterosexual women to drink heavily.
Fergusson, D., Horwood., L., Beautrais, A. (1999) Is sexual orientation related to mental health problems and suicidality in young people? Archives of General Psychiatry. 56, 10:876-888.
The gay, lesbian, bisexual subjects have significantly higher rates of: suicidal ideation (67.9%/29.0%), suicide attempt (32.1%/7.1%), and psychiatric disorders age 14-21 ? major depression (71.4%/38.2%), generalized anxiety disorder (28.5%/12.5%), conduct disorder (32.1%11.0%), nicotine dependence (64.3%/26.7%), other substance abuse/dependence (60.7%/44.3%), and multiple disorders (78.6%/38.2%) than the heterosexual sample. (p. 879)
Findings support recent evidence suggesting that gay, lesbian, and bisexual young people are at increased risk of mental health problems, with these associations being particularly evident for measures of suicidal behavior and multiple disorder.
Fifield, L., Latham, J., Phillips, C. (1977) Alcoholism in the Gay Community: The Price of Alienation, Isolation and Oppression, A Project of the Gay Community Service Center, Los Angeles, CA.
??an alarming number of gay men and women (31.96%) are trapped in an alcohol-centered lifestyle.?
Garafolo, R., Wolf, R., Kessel, S., Palfrey, J., DuRant, R., (1998) The association between health risk behaviors and sexual orientation among a school-based sample of adolescents: Youth risk behavior survey. Pediatrics. 101, 5:895-903.
?Gay and bisexual teenagers may take more risks, and engage in risky behavior earlier in life, than teenagers who describe themselves as heterosexual. GLB [gay, lesbian, bisexual] teenagers were more likely to consider or attempt suicide, abuse alcohol or drugs, participate in risky sexual activity, or be victimized, and to initiate these behaviors earlier.?
Gilman, S.E., Cochran, S.D., Mays, V.M., et al. (2001) Risk of psychiatric disorders among individuals reporting same-sex sexual partners in the National Comorbidity Survey. American Journal of Public Health. 91 (6): 933-939.
Higher 12-month prevalences of anxiety, mood, and substance use disorders and of suicidal thoughts and plans than did respondents with opposite-sex partners only. Homosexual orientation, defined as having same-sex sexual partners, is associated with a general elevation of risk for anxiety, mood, and substance use disorders and for suicidal thoughts and plans.
Herrell, R. et al. (1999, October). Sexual Orientation and Suicidality: a Co-Twin Control Study in Adult Men. Archives of General Psychiatry. 56 (10): 867-874.
This study of male twins who were Vietnam veterans found that male homosexuals were 5.1 times more likely to experience suicidal thoughts and behaviors than were their heterosexual twins.
Jorm, A.F. et al. (2002). Sexually orientation and mental health: results from a community survey of young and middle-aged adults. British Journal of Psychiatry. 180: 423-427.
The bisexual group was highest on measures of anxiety, depression and negative affect, with the homosexual group falling between the other two groups. Both the bisexual and homosexual groups were high on suicidality.
McKirnan, D.J., Peterson, P.L., (1989). Alcohol and drug use among homosexual men and women: epidemiology and population characteristics. Addictive Behavior. 14 (5): 545-553.
?This paper presents the findings of a large (n-3400) survey of the homosexual population?Substantially higher proportions of the homosexual sample used alcohol, marijuana, or cocaine than was the case in the general population.?
Moran, N. (1996, May). Lesbian health care needs. Canadian Family Physician. 42: 879-884.
Lesbians were found to smoke, drink alcohol and use caffeine more than other women.
Mulry, G., Kalichman, S., Kelly, J. (1994) ?Substance use and unsafe sex among gay men: Global versus situational use of substances. Journal of Sex Educators and Therapy. 20, 3: 175-184.
??men who never drank prior to sex were very unlikely to have engaged in unprotected anal intercourse, whereas 90% of men who had at least one occasion of unprotected anal intercourse also drank at least some of the time prior to sexual intercourse.? ??a virtual absence of individuals who did not drink but did engage unprotected anal intercourse.? (p. 181)
Parris, J., Zweig-Frank, H., Guzder, J. (1995) Psychological factors associated with homosexuality in males with borderline personality disorders. Journal of Personality Disorders. 9, 11: 56-61.
The rate of homosexuality in the BPD [Borderline Personality Disorder] sample was 16.7%, as compared with 1.7% in the non-BPD comparison group. The homosexual BPD group had a rate of overall Childhood Sexual Abuse of 100% as compared to 37.3% for the heterosexual BPD group. ?It is interesting that 3 out of 10 homosexual borderline patients also reported father-son incest.? (p. 59)
Remafedi, G. (1999, October). Suicide and Sexual Orientation. Archives of General Psychiatry. 56: 885-886.
The 1989 Report of the Secretary?s Task Force on Youth Suicide concluded that ?gay youth are 2 to 3 times more likely to attempt suicide than other young people. They may comprise up to 30% of completed youth suicides annually. To date, at least 10 peer-reviewed studies have found unusually high rates of attempted suicide, in the range of 20% to 42% among young bisexual and homosexual research volunteers. All have found a clinically and statistically significant association between suicide attempts and homosexuality, strongest among males.
Ritter, Malcolm (May 1999) Study: Some Gays Can Go Straight, Associated Press.
“Perhaps the most significant study to date was reported by Robert L. Spitzer, MD at the American Psychiatric Association. In his research, Dr. Spitzer studied 200 men and women who had participated in gender affirmative therapy. He concluded that 66% of the men and 44% of the women had arrived at what he called good heterosexual functioning. In addition, 89% of the men and 95% of the women said they were bothered slightly, or not at all, by unwanted homosexual feelings.”
Rogers, C., Roback, H., McKee, E., Calhoun, D. (1976) Group psychotherapy with homosexuals: A review. International Journal of Group Psychotherapy. 31, 3: 3-27
?In general, reports on the group treatment of homosexuals are optimistic; in almost all cases the therapists report a favorable outcome of therapy whether the therapeutic goal was one of achieving a change in sexual orientation or whether it was a reduction in concomitant problems.? (p.22)
Saghir, J., Robins, E. (1973) Male and Female Homosexuality: A Comprehensive Investigation. Baltimore MD: Williams & Wilkins.
30% of the homosexuals in their sample reported excessive drinking or alcohol dependence. (p. 119)
The average male homosexual live-in relationship lasts between two and three years (p. 225)
Sandfort, T.G., de Graaf, R., Bijl, R.V., Schnabel, P. (2001, January). Same-Sex Sexual Behavior and Psychiatric Disorders: findings from the Netherlands mental health survey and incidence study. (NEMESIS). Archives of General Psychiatry. 58: 85-91.
A Dutch study of 5998 heterosexual and homosexual men and women showed that ?psychiatric disorders were more prevalent among homosexually active people compared with heterosexually active people?On a lifetime basis, homosexual women had a significantly higher prevalence of general mood disorders and major depression than did heterosexual women?Lifetime prevalence of both alcohol and other drug dependence was also significantly higher in homosexual women than in heterosexual women.?
Skegg, K. et al. (2003, March). Sexual orientation and self-harm in men and women. American Journal of Psychiatry. 160 (3): 541-546.
New Zealand study of 770 heterosexual men and women and 172 men and women who experienced different degrees of same sex attraction, the authors found: That attempts to inflict self harm increase with the degree of homosexual attraction. There were elevated rates of substance abuse in both sexes experiencing same sex attraction. This was particularly prominent in lesbians.
Valamis, B.G., Bowen, D.J., Bassford, T., et al. (2000, September-October). Sexual Orientation and Health. Archives of Family Medicine. 9: 843-853.
Lesbian and bisexual women more often used alcohol and cigarettes, exhibited other risk factors for reproductive cancers and cardiovascular disease, and scored lower on measures of mental health and social support.
Whitehead, Neil, Whitehead, Brian. (1999) My Genes Made Me Do It! A Scientific Look at Sexual Orientation, 158-159.
Neil Whitehead tabulated other twin studies on other topics and those traits’ heritability: lying–43%, anorexia nervosa–44%, fear of the unknown–46%, psychological inpatient care–47%, extroversion–50%, depression–50%, altruism–50%, divorce–52%, racial prejudice, bigotry–70%.
“(Dean) Hamer’s genetic sequences have been calculated to affect about 5% of the homosexual population, so even if he is correct, there must be some other explanation for what causes the vast majority of homosexuality.”
“If a hormonal imbalance was responsible for homosexuality, then perhaps a simple dose of hormones to an adult would cure homosexuality. This is not the case, as has been demonstrated several times.”
Zubenko, G., George, A., Soloff, P., Schulz, P. (1987) Sexual practices among patients with borderline personality disorder. American Journal Psychiatry. 144, 6: 748-752.
?Homosexuality was 10 times more common among the men and six times more common among the women with borderline personality disorder than in the general population or in a depressed control group.? (p. 748)
First, homosexuality is not alcoholism.
I agree, statistically it’s far more than alcoholism!
It is more comparable to left-handedness, and there is nothing inherently damaging in it (once you set aside your religious prejudices).
No one has mentioned religion on this thread. Maybe you have not noticed that.
What has been mentioned are cold hard facts!
And…the homosexual sex act IS inherently dangerous.
(See prior posts)
Second, you have no idea what kind of effort I put into changing my nature. I have a LOT of willpower, and I spent literally decades trying as hard as possible to change who I was. It NEVER HAPPENED. So don?t accuse me of being weak willed, at least not until YOU are able to become homosexual through sheer willpower.
Who mentioned “weak willed?” Not me. Did anyone else mention it? Not that I have read.
I’m sure it’s very very difficult to change. Any dramatic change is difficult. Ask an alcoholic!
Furthermore, what about all of those that COULDN?T change? Are you just going to judge them? Or are you going to admit that sexual orientation CANNOT be changed, at least in some people?
I’m not judging anyone. You don’t like the facts that I put forth, sorry.
But, that does not negate the fact that some, or perhaps many can and have changed.
What sort of childhood did you have??
That is a red herring question. If I tell you that I was chronically sexually abused, that my mother was domineering and hateful, and that I used to play with Barbie dolls, will your claims be justified? Not that any of that is true, but even if it was, what would be the point? The origin of homosexuality appears to be due to a combination of genetics and environment.
You think.
But it doesn?t matter what causes homosexuality?
Oh but it does!
what matters is that you cannot change your orientation.
Let correct you there: “YOU” cannot change your same sex desire. However, others (many others) have indeed changed!
I know it from personal experience,
What you know from personal experience is that YOU cannot change. Others have changed.
You might not like it I don’t know, but they have changed. PERIOD.
you have NOTHING on which to substantiate your claims.
Scroll back and read the “claims.”
I won?t change your religious beliefs.
I never mentioned religion. I only mentioned cold hard facts. You don’t like those facts…sorry. It does not make them any less real.
But if you ever try to legislate your bigotry into laws that affect me, expect a fight.
You seem bitter and sort of vindictive.
I have only pointed out the facts on this thread.
And I honestly think it’s you who is bigoted against those who have left YOUR lifestyle.
Realax man…[/quote]
a religious man looking for studied evidence base. now Zeb, i am impressed!
