Thought for the day:
You have power over your mind not outside events, realize this and you find strength.
Marcus Aurelius
Something that came up recently during a SWAT conference: 6 major SWAT teams presented a overall debrief of their most difficult call outs in 2019/ first half of 2020. These are always beneficial because not only do the team leaders describe what went right, but, more importantly, discuss their mistakes in a very candid forum. These debriefs are not held in a public setting and all electronics are banned from the location, thus, helping to insure an accurate and honest account.
One of the prevailing topics was stress and how to handle stress during a long or violent confrontation. This was discussed in depth, partly because an experienced SWAT operator with over ten years of experience, despite being in excellent shape, suffered a career ending stroke. The medical expert suggested the cause was Tachypsychia.
So, what does this have to do with you? If you ever have to deal with any violent encounter, from an armed aggressor to a physical assault, to being caught in a riot, you will experience these same physical effects as someone in gunfight. Know the physical changes you will be dealing with, prepare for them, study what will happened to you so you will not be caught totally off guard.
And as TC Luoma likes to say: Here is some science:
You are about to encounter a set of physical and neurological conditions that will greatly affect your ability judge time, space, vision and auditory exclusion. This is collectively known as Tachypsychia which is a neurological condition that alters the perception of time, usually induced by physical exertion, drug use, or a traumatic event. It is sometimes referred to by martial arts instructors and self-defense experts as the Tachy Psyche Effect. For someone affected by Tachypsychia, time perceived by the individual either lengthens, making events appear to slow down, or contracts, objects appearing as moving in a speeding blur. It is believed that tachypsychia is induced by a combination of high levels of dopamine and norepinephrine, usually during periods of great physical stress and/or in violent confrontation.
What are the physical effects?
Also called the “fight or flight” response of the body to an event our mind considers life-threatening, Tachypsychia is believed to include numerous physical changes.
1) Adrenaline response
Upon being stimulated by fear or anger, the adrenal medulla may automatically produce the hormone epinephrine (aka adrenaline) directly into the blood stream. This can have various effects on various bodily systems, including:
Increased heart rate and blood pressure. It is common for a Tachypsychia subject’s pulse to rise to between 200 and 300 beats per minute (bpm). Increased heart rate (above 250 bpm) can cause fainting, and the body may adduct all limbs, adopting fetal position, in preparation for a coma.
Dilation of the bronchial passages, permitting higher absorption of oxygen.
Dilated pupils to allow more light to enter, and visual exclusion—tunnel vision—occurs, allowing greater focus but resulting in the loss of peripheral vision.
Release of glucose into the bloodstream, generating extra energy by raising the blood sugar level.
It is common for an individual to experience auditory exclusion or sensitivity. It is also common for individuals to experience an increased pain tolerance, loss of color vision, short term memory loss, decreased fine motor skills, decreased communication skills, or decreased coordination.
Upon being stimulated by fear or anger, the adrenal medulla may automatically produce the hormone epinephrine (aka adrenaline) directly into the blood stream. This can have various effects on various bodily systems, including:
The most common experience during Tachypsychia is the feeling that time has either increased or slowed down, brought on by the increased brain activity cause by epinephrine, or the severe decrease in brain activity caused by the “catecholamine washout” occurring after the event.
It is common for an individual experiencing Tachypsychia to have serious misinterpretations of their surroundings during the events, through a combination of their altered perception of time, as well as transient partial color blindness and tunnel vision. After the irregularly high levels of adrenaline consumed during sympathetic nervous system activation, an individual may display signs and symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder, and it is common for the person to display extreme emotional lability and fatigue, regardless of their actual physical exertion.
It is possible to manage Tachypsychia still occurring after the event, and it is common for soldiers/LEO’s and martial artists to use Tachypsychia in order to increase their performance during stressful situations.
You will need to understand all of the above before you actually become involved in a deadly force encounter. Your hearing will be gone. You will experience acute tunnel vision. Your ability to judge space and time will be gone as will your ability to reliably remember what just happened.