[quote]The Mage wrote:
Depression huh?
I know this was not asked, but I think the chances of a depression are quite low. Recession, possible… but depression unlikely.
If we look at the “Great Depression”, (and this is in no way the complete picture, or the full story, just a few pieces of the puzzle. A few big pieces , but still just a few of the pieces,) what we see is a time when people were actually investing in the market with a 10% margin.
Then the market dropped 90%, and what happened? All those margin accounts were called. Using a today money example, imagine investing $100,000 cash as a down payment on $1,000,0000 worth of stock. Then that stock drops to $100,000. The proper margin would have been $90k, meaning you owed $810k on $100k worth of stock.
Most people did not have that money, so the margin account sold the stock, and now you had no stock, and $800K in unsecured debt. (Again a today’s money example.) Most of the people did not have that much lying around, so the banks that loaned the money were out the $800k, and what money they did received actually emptied bank accounts, leaving their balance sheets in a bad situation.
Well without government backing back then, a few banks started to fail, which started the next problem. A run on the banks. People got worried, and took their money out of the banks, and the banks did not have the cash on hand to give everyone their cash, spreading the fear even more.
Now the banks did not have the cash, and could not get an influx from the government, but at that time they could call the mortgages due, and that is exactly what they did.
Now suddenly people who were paying their mortgages on time without a problem were suddenly required to pay it off in full immediately. Which they could not do, otherwise they would not have that mortgage in the first place.
And again the people who did have cash in the bank were emptying the banks even further. Other people were losing their houses to the banks, who could not sell those houses easily because they were not giving anyone loans.
Today you cannot buy stock at 10% margins. Some people are using mortgages to buy stocks, but if the stocks fall, the loan does not suddenly come due. (Last I knew, 50% margin accounts were allowed.)
Next we have the FDIC insurance. The reason is not as much to protect peoples bank accounts as to prevent the run on banks.
And from my understanding mortgages cannot be called due just because the bank feels like it.
This puts 3 nice roadblocks in the way of this little domino effect.
But I am not psychic, (though I have convinced some that I am,) and since I can never tell when a depression is coming, then my decision is to live as though one is around the corner. In other words I won’t be doing anything different.
It is often pointed out that while fortunes were lost during the Great Depression, it was also a time when record numbers of wealthy were created. These were the intelligent, and prepared individuals.
If you don’t have a car payment, the repo man ain’t coming to your house. No mortgage? Then the bank can’t take your house.
Too often people experience the good days, and they don’t prepare for harder times. A lot of people are living paycheck to paycheck, when this statement is made, it is implied that these people are the poor. Actually most of them have decent incomes. It is surprising how many people making a 100k to 250k a year are living paycheck to paycheck.
For too many people all it takes is a hiccup in the economy, and these people run into serious problems.
The weather will point out weaknesses in the trees. A light breeze will cause weak leaves to fall. Strong wind, and weak branches fall. Strong storm, and weak trees will fall. It is the same with economics, it will expose your weaknesses, and tear apart a weak financial structure.
If your doing the right stuff, you should not have to change if the economy does. (Although you may want to structure your investment to take advantage of any situation.)
[/quote]
Good post. Actually the high margin amounts are being used again today but in the credit markets. The I-Banks were levered 30-40 times on the dollar buying up MBS’s and CDO’s and as their balance sheets exploded (Thanks to mark to market accounting) the banks loaned even more money to these hedge funds and I-Banks. As the value of these instruments began to fall due to the subprime component fear took over the market and Mark to Market Accounting acted in reverse to destroy the value of these instruments practically overnight. The banks were burned badly and have lost most of their capital. The insurance that was purchased (AIG) to protect the investments was far too inadaquate and AIG was forced to be nationalized or declare bankruptcy. It’s worth noting that not only the banks hold these instruments but hedge funds, state pension funds, massive companies like GE have been burned badly and are now begging for cash as the credit markets are becoming closed even to this behemoth.
The margin is destroying the banking system all over again except it’s not the stock market this time around that was in a bubble but the credit markets.
The biggest difference between then and now is the consumer along with the govt. is highly debt burdened. We are at the bottom of the levered chain so when the top goes like a domino cascade it will work it’s way all the way down.
I don’t think we’ll enter a depression either but only because of the govt. intervention and actions by the Federal Reserve that have taken place recently.