[quote]JACKED71 wrote:
The best book I have read on this is Good Calories and Bad Calories by Gary Taubes. The book is a long 500 page read, by the authour pretty much debunks every myth out there on saturated fat.[/quote]
Mostly an awful book (I’ve been through this many times). It is a great example of using scientific sounding jargon to form a weak argument that will inevitably influence the uneducated masses (The China Study is another one of these books).
And the saturated fat issue is not as simple as people make it out to be. The answer is not as simple as saturated fat has no effect on heart disease or saturated fat does have an effect on heart disease. It seems to be a question of DOSE and CONTEXT and the extent that saturated fat relates to heart disease. Context refers to a very large set of factors including the weight, age, genetics (some may be hypersensitive), activity level, health level, risk factors, and the current diet/nutrition plan a person follows (how many fruits/veggies, low-carb or high carb, high fat or low-fat, high protein or low protein, high fiber or low fiber, etc, etc, etc). Just reading the posted studies makes this clear.
I’m too lazy to get too deep into the posted studies/articles, but I will point out some things within 2 of the abstracts:
FROM: Saturated fat and cardiometabolic risk factors, coronary heart disease, stroke, and diabetes: a fresh look at the evidence - PubMed
"Based on consistent evidence from human studies, replacing SFA with polyunsaturated fat modestly lowers coronary heart disease risk, with ~10% risk reduction for a 5% energy substitution; whereas replacing SFA with carbohydrate has no benefit and replacing SFA with monounsaturated fat has uncertain effects. Evidence for the effects of SFA consumption on vascular function, insulin resistance, diabetes, and stroke is MIXED, with many studies showing no clear effects, highlighting a need for FURTHER INVESTIGATION of these endpoints. "
In short:
- Replacing saturated fat with polyunsaturated fat = modestly improved health markers…note how types of polyunsaturated fat are not distinguished.
2)Overall the studies are mixed on the effect of saturated fat on various diseases and disease markers.
3)Further investigation on saturated fat-CVD relationship should occur.
FROM: Saturated fat, carbohydrate, and cardiovascular disease - PubMed
“Clinical trials that replaced saturated fat with polyunsaturated fat have generally shown a reduction in CVD events, although several studies showed no effects. An independent association of saturated fat intake with CVD risk has not been consistently shown in prospective epidemiologic studies, although some have provided evidence of an increased risk in young individuals and in women. Replacement of saturated fat by polyunsaturated or monounsaturated fat lowers both LDL and HDL cholesterol. However, replacement with a higher carbohydrate intake, particularly refined carbohydrate, can exacerbate the atherogenic dyslipidemia associated with insulin resistance and obesity that includes increased triglycerides, small LDL particles, and reduced HDL cholesterol. In summary, although substitution of dietary polyunsaturated fat for saturated fat has been shown to lower CVD risk, there are few epidemiologic or clinical trial data to support a benefit of replacing saturated fat with carbohydrate.”
In short,
- replacing saturated fat with polyunsaturated fat and/or = possible reduced risk of CVD.
- replacing saturated fat with heavily refined carbohydrates = likely no decreased risk of CVD.
- Epidemiological studies are mixed (some show the correlation, some don’t)