Gosh, I don’t know if I’m qualified to answer that question, Hugh.
Please, anyone else with ideas feel free to jump in. This could really be a great topic in itself.
Just a couple of thoughts.
It’s a combination of factors. First, I highly recommend watching episodes of Everybody Hates Chris. Start with season one.
Great show.
Let’s say you start a great school like Boys’ Latin, and you recruit some really strong, dedicated teachers. You’ve still got poor kids dealing with urban gangs and basic safety. Single moms who are often young and uneducated or elderly grandmothers who can’t always help with homework. A lack of strong male role models. Fathers are profoundly important. We could go into all the problems with unemployment and disproportionate incarceration rates among Black men, and unintended effects of generational welfare.
Just a host of factors working against these kids, so despite having a really great school, you’re likely to have more kids really struggle or drop out. Still, the great school and usually a parent who is motivated enough to get their kid into the school, will be the thing that will save some of those kids. A strong church community can help mediate some of this, definitely, but nothing replaces a strong intact family very well, Hugh.
Once you have an economically blighted area, it’s very hard to bring businesses and jobs in, which has a snowball effect in giving people less reason to value education and job skills. Fewer opportunities. Nobody wants to go start a new business in a high crime area. Really, for the residents, teaching small business development and giving micro loans for trade schools, or helping parents start a small businesses out of their homes is one way to go at this.
About economically blighted areas, New Haven, CT is a good example of a poor, urban, high crime area. When a pizza chain announced that they were opening up a new restaurant, they got something like 500 applications for maybe 15 minimum wage level jobs. Yale University is just down the street. It’s easier to get into Yale than for a local kid to get a job at this pizza place. That’s just stunning, right?