Tariffs will usually increase prices, especially tariffs on China, where the vast majority of our consumer goods are produced. This is a surface level view though, and a 1:1 take doesn’t tell the full story.
The primary drawbacks to tariffs are increased prices, trade reduction and potential retaliation.
Prices vs realized economic gain will be and always have been a ratio to manage. We do this through a few different measurements like GDP for example.
So reduction in trade may sound bad, especially with spin theory from a global economy focused economist in the mix, but if it’s increasing production at home, is it bad? What ultimately serves the populace better? More jobs and higher salaries or cheap products? Two sides of the economic strength coin, where the rubber meets the road. If protectionist policy leads to lower unemployment and market driven salary increases by say 10% but increases the price of consumer goods by 5%, there is still a net 5% gain for consumers, and more of them given employment expansion.
The problem comes when prices exceed returns. Unfortunately we experienced Covid, unprecedented raw material and supply chain shortages due to shutdowns and didn’t get to see Trump policy at play in a fair way to measure it.
Confounding things even more, leverage comes in to play. While China may produce a large amount of our goods, we are China’s market. They can only squeeze so hard until we, via market forces, look elsewhere. Homegrown to recycle back to the above conversation, and India is ripe for cheap labor where necessary.
Plus, in many cases, our companies are manufacturing in China. Essentially giving them their manufacturing chops. We truly own the whole circle, they are essentially a hired manufacturing agent. And managing leverage is Trumps forte.
Economics is a sound, mathematical science but it’s still largely based on theory, and not everything is surface level black and white. There are lots of layers to peel.
There is a lot of misinformation floating around too. I can’t find the quote to respond now that this thread has snowballed but someone mentioned GM shuttering factories in 2019 due to Trump tariffs. This simply isn’t true. GM has been struggling since they were bailed out, has been slow to change with market demands and closed factories producing outdated vehicles vs retrofitting for modern manufacturing. And many of them were international already anyways: GM to Close 5 Plants, Reduce Workforce
You can’t take media at face value.