The following toes the border between science theory and philosophy:
The basis for my explanation lies in two experiments.
The first is a thought experiment called The Schrodinger’s Cat experiment.
This is a “real world” explanation of the second example:
The second is called the two slit experiment. Double-slit experiment - Wikipedia
The point here is that every time a “decision” is made, all possible outcomes of the event exist simultaneously, until an observation is made, and one outcome is “chosen.” One could say that the universe exists in multiple states at this time, or that more than one universe exists until a “choice” is made.
Before an observation is made, all outcomes (universes) exist equally until one is “chosen,” at which point the other possibilities (universes) essentially evaporate as far as we are concerned. But, the chosen outcome is not what we are interested in here. We’re talking about the other possibilities (universes) that were not chosen.
Let’s use Schrodinger’s Cat as an example. Before the box is opened, there’s a universe where the cat was killed, and universe where the cat is alive. These universes exist simultaneously in equal capacities. Now, let’s say we open the box and the cat is dead. Our universe continues on without the cat. But, for a time, there existed a complete duplicate of our universe where the cat is alive.
So, before an observation is made, both universes exist. The question is: What happens to the universe where the cat lived AFTER the observation is made. As far as our universe in concerned, that universe is kaput. However, this universe has a future which differs from ours in that it contains one extra cat. In this way, the universe forms a sort of “tree” of reality, starting with the big bang, because every chance event and every decision ever made spawns a new branch of the tree (a new universe) which could have happened, but didn’t.
But exactly how real are this alternate universes? Do they exist as strongly as you and me? I tend to think not. I think they exist purely as possibilities. What could have or would have been is not as real as what is.
