Catholic Q&A Continues

[quote]KingKai25 wrote:

[quote]Tiribulus wrote:

Honestly, this is one of the most difficult issues in the history of early Christianity.

Pat, I agree that if you recognize the authority of the canon AS canon (i.e., as a divinely instituted assemblage of texts to which nothing can be added or subtracted) then there is no legitimate way to get around the necessary authority of the church that assembled it. The only option is special pleading - “yes, the church lacks authority, but the canon it assembled is authoritative.” Such arguments invariably resort to special pleading. And in truth, there were no canons before the late second century A.D., in the sense of a fixed corpus to which nothing could be added or subtracted (and the evidence for the existence of canons in the second century depends on a SINGLE example which, based on linguistic issues, is potentially from the fourth century A.D.).

That being said, its not the canon AS canon that I consider authoritative, but the texts contained therein, and those texts were considered authoritative Scripture LONG BEFORE they were officially canonized. There is evidence within the biblical texts themselves that the New Testament texts (specifically the gospels and the Pauline epistles) were considered Scripture while the apostles were still living. The inspiration and authority of the New Testament TEXTS exists independently of their recognition by the post-first century church.
[/quote]
No disagreement here.

[quote] This is a very nuanced point, but its central to my point. Now as I said in a previous post, since I recognize the authority of the texts included in the canon without recognizing the canonization process itself as authoritative, I do not recognize the canon’s closure a priori. I don’t believe that we will find other letters of Paul or other gospels considered authoritative in the first century that somehow got lost; the earliest Christians did an excellent job of preserving those texts considered authoritative from the apostolic period (1st century A.D.).
[/quote]
And to that point. other texts do and did exist whom some considered as authoritative as the texts that ended up in the Canon. Not all of them were weird or heretical, some just for some reason, didn’t cut the mustard. This was derived by the authority of the synod at the time.

They weren’t trying to necessarily deriving the actual date, per se. They recognized the fact that they didn’t know and hence did not pin it down to a date. But they also recognized that since salvation and the church is rooted in the death and Resurrection of Jesus, it was right to celebrate it as it is the reason for the church. Further, it was in conjunction with Passover on purpose. Since they did not know the date, the aligned it with Passover. This allowed converts to hold fast somewhat to the traditions they were used to, but celebrate Christianity instead of Judaism. Same thing with Christmas, the date was not chosen because it was thought that Christ was born in December. Sometime in the spring is more accurate. But it stole the thunder of the pagan celebrations of the solstice and turned it into a Christian holiday. This was actually pretty normal for the church to do, take old traditions and change them in the Christian celebrations. It was seen as a conquering of the old with the new, beating the Pagan ways or Jewish ways with the Christian ways…It’s actually very much the same reason why they took all the marble from the Colosseum. To use that which was used to kill Christians, instead to build the Vatican. That and they need a lot of marble and the Colosseum just happened to have a lot.
Further, this is not totally without apostolic precedent in that in Acts the apostles were already celebrating Pentecost. So the church determining feast days was already in effect in apostolic times. Further, further, since the entire world, Christian and otherwise recognize these feast days, I’d say there was some authority there.

[quote]

That being said, all the distinctive Catholic doctrines were there by the end of the first century/early second century, Tirib. All of them. The eucharist was described in the Didache, Clement, Ignatius, Justin Martyr, Irenaeus, etc. as a physical sacrifice; the veneration of Mary and the cult of the martyrs also predate the formation of the canon. The post-NT church was essentially the Catholic church. [/quote]

The question of authority basically boils down to two things. Scripture and apostolic succession. By the authority of the apostolic succession we got the Bible cannon as the authoritative source for all matters of faith. In scripture we received the authority of apostolic succession. For Jesus gave commands to the discipleship, “Go make disciples of all the nations in the Name of the Father, Son and Holy Spirit”, “you will be my witnesses…to the ends of the Earth”, “What you declare loosed on Earth…”, etc. The disciples, in turn gave this authority to their successors and so on down the line to present days…
Now people may disagree with what the successors have done over the years, but I cannot point to a single event in history where this succession was broken. Luther, Calvin, or who ever reformer you choose, may have broken from the church, but they did not break that succession. Remember that most of the reformers were men and they did not even dare to claim they were divinely inspired or that the Holy Spirit was responsible for their pronouncements. There declarations were academic, not based in a prophetic guidance of the Holy Spirit.

Honestly, I cannot see authority being a big point of debate. The scriptures and the history back it up. Perhaps, with some points of dispute, but no major ones, not major enough to break the apostolic succession.
That doesn’t mean that all did well with it, Jesus had his Judas, and hence in His church, Judas was also succeeded through out the years, but for all the bumps and bruises, the succession remained in tact.

[quote]pat wrote:<<< The question of authority basically boils down to two things. Scripture and apostolic succession. By the authority of the apostolic succession we got the Bible cannon >>>[/quote]This contradicts what you agreed to above.[quote]pat wrote:<<< as the authoritative source for all matters of faith. >>>[/quote]Everybody knows full well this is not the Catholic(big C) position.[quote]pat wrote:<<< In scripture we received the authority of apostolic succession. >>>[/quote]So you received the authority in scripture to determine what books are scriptural? I’m not pickin on you Pat, but you’re capable of better than this.[quote]pat wrote:<<< Honestly, I cannot see authority being a big point of debate. The scriptures and the history back it up. Perhaps, with some points of dispute, but no major ones, not major enough to break the apostolic succession.
That doesn’t mean that all did well with it, Jesus had his Judas, and hence in His church, Judas was also succeeded through out the years, but for all the bumps and bruises, the succession remained in tact.[/quote]Unless of course there was never any such thing as conceived of by Rome.
EDITED.

Atheist blogger turns Catholic:

What’s interesting is how she noticed as an atheist morality made no sense, but it was there as an independent metaphysical thing, not something man made. Touche’

My friend Patrick, on the Ad Hocs of Protestantism, in regard to the Bible, and their strange forms of the heresy of Docetism.

http://churchofchristinformation.com/2012/06/26/lots-of-hocs-the-bible-docetism-and-beyond/

[quote]But the post hoc fallacy is rarely examined. The CoC laity and ministers rarely question their logic, and their foundational premise can be presented as:

â?¢The New Testament describes the beliefs and behaviors of the Church.

â?¢The CoC has decoded the pattern.

â?¢The CoC practices the pattern it discovered.

â?¢The CoC is, therefore, the Church.

But what is really happening is:

â?¢The Church exists.

â?¢The Church created the Bible.

â?¢The CoC interprets the Churchâ??s Bible.

â?¢The CoC reenacts what it believe the Church from the Bible believed.

â?¢The CoC then calls itself the Church.[/quote]

My favorite part.

What profound goose bump inducing lesson am I missing from this here piece Christopher?

Ah here’s a good question: why is (or isn’t) the Deutercanonicals (i.e the Apocrypha) considered scripture?

Hello all,
Nothing of significance too offer here, but just a comment. This thread has been a startling (and uplifting) experience for me to read - on this site. The INTELLIGENT and relentless pursuit of muscle - AND honest and fair dialogue on a centuries old issue that I assume will evade resolution for many more years to come.

I have a serious “background” in this area from years ago and honestly have nothing new or insightful to add.

Its just impressive that’s all. Press on!

[quote]forbes wrote:
Ah here’s a good question: why is (or isn’t) the Deutercanonicals (i.e the Apocrypha) considered scripture?[/quote]The Catholics (big C Christopher) Didn’t even officially recognize the Apocryphal books until Trent in the 16th century if I remember right. The great Jerome, of Vulgate fame rejected them as did Athanasius. The idea of what amounts to indulgences which is the favor of God/forgiveness through the giving of money(yes, oversimplification)is taught in them. A thing the Catholics embrace, but protestants reject. Though massive and extensive use of the old testament is unmistakably evident everywhere in the new testament there are no definitive quotations from the Apocryphal books though some will debate this. The Jews themselves who were the then stewards of scripture pretty much agreed in their non recognition of them as scripture. The Hebrew canon, though arranged and ordered differently, was comprised of the same books as the standard 39 accepted by Protestants today

The quick and dirty answer which is all I can muster st the moment is that they simply don’t have the established authoritative foundation that the others have. His most royal majestic graciousness KingKai may disagree or have a more thorough take. He won’t be able to pass this one up though =]

[quote]Tiribulus wrote:

[quote]forbes wrote:
Ah here’s a good question: why is (or isn’t) the Deutercanonicals (i.e the Apocrypha) considered scripture?[/quote]The Catholics (big C Christopher) Didn’t even officially recognize the Apocryphal books until Trent in the 16th century if I remember right. The great Jerome, of Vulgate fame rejected them as did Athanasius. The idea of what amounts to indulgences which is the favor of God/forgiveness through the giving of money(yes, oversimplification)is taught in them. A thing the Catholics embrace, but protestants reject. Though massive and extensive use of the old testament is unmistakably evident everywhere in the new testament there are no definitive quotations from the Apocryphal books though some will debate this. The Jews themselves who were the then stewards of scripture pretty much agreed in their non recognition of them as scripture. The Hebrew canon, though arranged and ordered differently, was comprised of the same books as the standard 39 accepted by Protestants today

The quick and dirty answer which is all I can muster st the moment is that they simply don’t have the established authoritative foundation that the others have. His most royal majestic graciousness KingKai may disagree or have a more thorough take. He won’t be able to pass this one up though =]
[/quote]

I hope he doesn’t. His input is much valued and appreciated. As is yours and everyone else I have respect and Godly love for. Thank you for your input :slight_smile:

Little brother Forbes. I had really hoped to have this topic moving more by now, but I have gotten sidetracked… again. Now dearest Christopher has marched right into the middle of my Facebook page and run his flag up with a horrible article that I am now duty bound to find the time to decisively refute. God bless that boy lol!!! Far from aggravating me, he gained even more respect than he already had. I also am not testifying very well to the people I owe pm’s and emails too. =[ The sovereign Lord of time and space will make whatever time is necessary available to accomplish what HE thinks is important. I should stop promising people responses all the time though.

[quote]Tiribulus wrote:

[quote]forbes wrote:
Ah here’s a good question: why is (or isn’t) the Deutercanonicals (i.e the Apocrypha) considered scripture?[/quote]The Catholics (big C Christopher) Didn’t even officially recognize the Apocryphal books until Trent in the 16th century if I remember right. The great Jerome, of Vulgate fame rejected them as did Athanasius. The idea of what amounts to indulgences which is the favor of God/forgiveness through the giving of money(yes, oversimplification)is taught in them. A thing the Catholics embrace, but protestants reject. Though massive and extensive use of the old testament is unmistakably evident everywhere in the new testament there are no definitive quotations from the Apocryphal books though some will debate this. The Jews themselves who were the then stewards of scripture pretty much agreed in their non recognition of them as scripture. The Hebrew canon, though arranged and ordered differently, was comprised of the same books as the standard 39 accepted by Protestants today

The quick and dirty answer which is all I can muster st the moment is that they simply don’t have the established authoritative foundation that the others have. His most royal majestic graciousness KingKai may disagree or have a more thorough take. He won’t be able to pass this one up though =]
[/quote]

I think Tirib hit the nail pretty cleanly here. There are only three points I would make…

  1. The books were considered inspired by the majority of the early church fathers.
  2. The Protestant arguments against the apocrypha revolve around (1) their lack of recognition by the Jews (who abandoned much of their literature from the Second Temple period in the late 1st century) and (2) their lack of citation in the New Testament.
  3. The books do NOT support the Catholic doctrines they are supposedly used for. Honestly, reading these texts in their historical context clearly reveals that they have NOTHING to do with catholic doctrines. I’ll give an example a little later.

[quote]KingKai25 wrote:<<< I think Tirib hit the nail pretty cleanly here. There are only three points I would make… 1) The books were considered inspired by the majority of the early church fathers. >>>[/quote]Ok, but didn’t they fail to recognize them formally for a thousand years? Its’ been about that long since I actually read anything of substance on this. [quote]KingKai25 wrote:<<< 3) The books do NOT support the Catholic doctrines they are supposedly used for. Honestly, reading these texts in their historical context clearly reveals that they have NOTHING to do with catholic doctrines. I’ll give an example a little later.[/quote]The only thing I remembered was something about indulgences. This came up a couple years ago and I told Dmaddox (where ya been man), that the essential gospel wouldn’t change even if we included the apocryphal books. That’s the way I remembered that too.

[quote]Tiribulus wrote:

[quote]KingKai25 wrote:<<< I think Tirib hit the nail pretty cleanly here. There are only three points I would make… 1) The books were considered inspired by the majority of the early church fathers. >>>[/quote]Ok, but didn’t they fail to recognize them formally for a thousand years? Its’ been about that long since I actually read anything of substance on this. [quote]KingKai25 wrote:<<< 3) The books do NOT support the Catholic doctrines they are supposedly used for. Honestly, reading these texts in their historical context clearly reveals that they have NOTHING to do with catholic doctrines. I’ll give an example a little later.[/quote]The only thing I remembered was something about indulgences. This came up a couple years ago and I told Dmaddox (where ya been man), that the essential gospel wouldn’t change even if we included the apocryphal books. That’s the way I remembered that too.
[/quote]

No I think you’re right - Trent settled a lot of things for the Roman Catholics. But Trent functioned much like the canonization process - it made what had already been recognized definitive. In other words, it codified existing practice. The texts were already widely recognized as authoritative before Trent (not that it mattered much when 99% of parishioners couldn’t read anyway).

And I wasn’t critiquing your point about indulgences. You’re dead on there. Roman Catholics argue that 2 Maccabees 12 supports the notion of indulgences. My point is that, when read in their proper historical context, the texts do NOT actually support the Catholic doctrines.

Take 2 Maccabees 12 and compare its worldview to the Roman Catholic.
(1) In 2 Maccabees 12:43, it does not say that Judas payed thousands of drachmas AS a sacrifice. Rather, he paid FOR a sacrifice, the traditional way of assuaging the people’s sinfulness. In other words, Judas relies on the existing sacrificial system to gain pardon for people. NOW, was the ancient Jewish sacrificial system based on the concept for stored merit (i.e., the sacrifice works because someone else’s good deeds are applied to me through the sacrifice)? NO, not at all. The sacrificial system works because of gracious condescension to human realities - the divine wrath is assuaged by the sacrifice. The sacrifice does NOT function as a means of trading merit, but merely a means of switching victims of wrath. Fact - Second Temple Judaism exhibited NO concept of indulgences (stored merit). If Second Temple Judaism thought in terms of SACRIFICE (one victim taking the place of another) rather than INDULGENCE (one’s good deeds applied to another), then on what grounds can the Church rightly argue that indulgences are hinted at in this passage?

(2) 2 Macc. 12:43-45 details Judas’ reasons for providing a sacrifice, and here we get a glimpse at the Jewish view of the afterlife, a view which stands at odds with the Catholic view. THe narrator argues in 2 Mac. 12:43-45 that what Judas did in providing for a sacrifice is a righteous deed premised on the assumption that the dead will rise again. Here is the key part - “in doing this (giving money) he acted very well and honorably, taking account of the resurrection; FOR IF HE HAD NO BEEN EXPECTING THAT THOSE WHO HAD FALLEN (in battle) WOULD RISE AGAIN, IT WOULD HAVE BEEN SUPERFLUOUS AND FOOLISH TO PRAY FOR THE DEAD.” Notice that the argument revolves around RESURRECTION, NOT THE DISEMBODIED STATE. For the Second Temple Jews, the righteous didn’t go to heaven or hell (and certainly not purgatory) upon death; rather, they were truly DEAD, awaiting the resurrection of their bodies. Judas’ sacrifice is meant, not to ease their suffering in the disembodied state, but to secure their good future AT THE RESURRECTION OF THE DEAD.

In other words, the view of the afterlife represented in 2 Macc. is ENTIRELY different than that of the Roman Catholics. For the author of 2 Macc., sacrifice is performed to cleanse the guilt of the entire people (including the fallen - think of Joshua 7 and the story of Achan) so that, at the resurrection, all will evade eternal punishment (FINAL PUNISHMENT); indulgences are rooted in the Catholic belief in the church’s accumulated merit (not sacrifice) alleviating the justified suffering (TEMPORAL PUNISHMENT) of those in the disembodied state.

[quote]forbes wrote:
Ah here’s a good question: why is (or isn’t) the Deutercanonicals (i.e the Apocrypha) considered scripture?[/quote]

Because it seemed good to the Holy Ghost and the successors of the Apostles in the Synod of Hippo (of St. Augustine) in 393, the acts of that council were accepted in the councils of Carthage in 397 and 419. And, ratified by the successor to the Prince of the Apostles at Council of Rome in 383.

[quote]Tiribulus wrote:

[quote]forbes wrote:
Ah here’s a good question: why is (or isn’t) the Deutercanonicals (i.e the Apocrypha) considered scripture?[/quote]The Catholics (big C Christopher) Didn’t even officially recognize the Apocryphal books until Trent in the 16th century if I remember right. The great Jerome, of Vulgate fame rejected them as did Athanasius. [/quote]

This isn’t even close to historical. Please prove your facts with documented sources.

Pope Innocent I sent the list of books in the Canon in 405 to a Gallic Bishop. You’re also ignoring the Synod of Hippo** (St. Augustine, who considered the Canon closed…which canon…not Luther’s canon***), Councils of Carthage, and Council of Rome.****

Sources:
Where we got the Bible by Henry Graham
** The Canon Debate by McDonald & Sanders
*** “Factors leading to the Selection and Closure of the New Testament Canon” by Everett Ferguson
**** A Brief History of Christianity by Carter Lindberg

[quote]Tiribulus wrote:
Little brother Forbes. I had really hoped to have this topic moving more by now, but I have gotten sidetracked… again. Now dearest Christopher has marched right into the middle of my Facebook page and run his flag up with a horrible article that I am now duty bound to find the time to decisively refute. God bless that boy lol!!! Far from aggravating me, he gained even more respect than he already had. I also am not testifying very well to the people I owe pm’s and emails too. =[ The sovereign Lord of time and space will make whatever time is necessary available to accomplish what HE thinks is important. I should stop promising people responses all the time though. [/quote]

I don’t know if you know this…but you can’t refute truths…they are truths. You can pretend…but you can’t actually do it.

Luther is not my pope Chris. I don’t care what canon he accepted. I haven’t studied this debate in a very long time.

Tiribulus might remember that I am Mormon, but during my 2 year mission in Mexico, we encountered MANY catholic people who wouldn’t read the bible, let alone our book of Mormon. Their sacrament attendance was at best 2 times a year even though the church is down the street, swore, practiced premarital sex etc etc etc.

Tiribulus, or others:

Why do you allow conversion so early in life, when conscious decision is none existent?

Why don’t the priests do any reactivation program? (at least in Mexico… do they do anything in other parts of the world)

Is it possible for a catholic to not live the teachings of the bible (like the people earlier explained) and still receive a glorious ending?

[quote]Brother Chris wrote:

[quote]Tiribulus wrote:

[quote]forbes wrote:
Ah here’s a good question: why is (or isn’t) the Deutercanonicals (i.e the Apocrypha) considered scripture?[/quote]The Catholics (big C Christopher) Didn’t even officially recognize the Apocryphal books until Trent in the 16th century if I remember right. The great Jerome, of Vulgate fame rejected them as did Athanasius. [/quote]

This isn’t even close to historical. Please prove your facts with documented sources.

Pope Innocent I sent the list of books in the Canon in 405 to a Gallic Bishop. You’re also ignoring the Synod of Hippo** (St. Augustine, who considered the Canon closed…which canon…not Luther’s canon***), Councils of Carthage, and Council of Rome.****

Sources:
Where we got the Bible by Henry Graham
** The Canon Debate by McDonald & Sanders
*** “Factors leading to the Selection and Closure of the New Testament Canon” by Everett Ferguson
**** A Brief History of Christianity by Carter Lindberg[/quote]

While it warms my heart to hear someone call for the use of (gasp) actual sources to support their arguments, it is still annoying when someone includes books that are anything BUT reliable sources. Graham’s Where We Got The Bible is NOT a legitimate source to bring into this debate, nor is Lindberg’s A Brief History of Christianity (it’s essentially a summary, not a genuine scholarly contribution to the discussion). I am glad to see that you have read at least PART of The Canon Debate. THat’s a great collection of essays there. Nevertheless, castigating people for not using proper documentation is rather inappropriate when many of the sources you cite are illegitimate.

Have you read The Biblical Canon by Sanders, or Harry Gamble’s The New Testament Canon: It’s Making and Meaning?

[quote]Brother Chris wrote:
My friend Patrick, on the Ad Hocs of Protestantism, in regard to the Bible, and their strange forms of the heresy of Docetism.

http://churchofchristinformation.com/2012/06/26/lots-of-hocs-the-bible-docetism-and-beyond/

[quote]But the post hoc fallacy is rarely examined. The CoC laity and ministers rarely question their logic, and their foundational premise can be presented as:

â?¢The New Testament describes the beliefs and behaviors of the Church.

â?¢The CoC has decoded the pattern.

â?¢The CoC practices the pattern it discovered.

â?¢The CoC is, therefore, the Church.

But what is really happening is:

â?¢The Church exists.

â?¢The Church created the Bible.

â?¢The CoC interprets the Churchâ??s Bible.

â?¢The CoC reenacts what it believe the Church from the Bible believed.

â?¢The CoC then calls itself the Church.[/quote]

My favorite part.[/quote]

The left picture is so not Paul of Tarsus, its not even funny.

Founder of the Catholic Church and all.

Its not Constantine either.

It makes one wonder…