[quote]nsimmons wrote:
[quote]on edge wrote:
Am I understanding this correctly; you can actually produce bit coins if you have enough computer power? Can I also produce myself a 20 year old Kelly Lebrock?[/quote]
Yes to part 1, no to part 2.
Brief background. I am generalizing in a lot of respects.
So how do you prove that I gave bob a digital token, I didn’t keep it for myself and i didn’t just make a copy for bob. Presently we use a trusted third party, like a bank or escrow, for digital dollars. But i don’t like trusting anyone.
Bitcoin uses whats called a distributed consensus network. Its a way to have trust without having to trust anyone. Think about that for a sec.
The bitcoin network is peer to peer, like bittorrent. There is no central servers or central controlling authority. Every single user, like me, or you, who runs a bitcoin wallet program becomes a node. These nodes interact with each other to relay transactions back and forth. The network can’t be shut down unless every single last node is shut down.
Ok that’s the network, what about the coins themselves. Where do they come from?
The bitcoin uses a global ledger system, displaying the ownership of all the coins. This ledger is called the blockchain. Every single node has a copy of this block chain, so, for example, the ownership of my bitcoins are recorded everywhere.
A miner is a node that has the ability to write to the ledger.
I am being very general and hand waving a bit for the next part.
The nodes who choose to be miners compete in whats like a lottery. It is called “proof of work”. They have to guess a particular 256 character digit, that becomes a solution of such to a math problem. Ignore the details. If a node guesses correctly it earns the right to record to the ledger. It has “proved” it has done sufficient work (calculations) to solve the puzzle. The node then permanently records to the ledger the last 10 minutes of global transactions, and then relays this new information, whats called a block. All the other nodes then see the new block, add it to their ledgers and then the lottery starts over. Every 10 minutes on average.
The transaction records then become fact for the entire network. There is a million copies of the fact that I sent bob 1 bitcoin and from now on bob owns that bitcoin.
Ok so where do the bitcoins come from? As payment for the miners effort. The miner who guesses correctly is rewarded 25 bitcoins, plus any transaction fees that are present (it costs about 1/2 cent to send coins). Since it requires enormous computing power and electricity to guess the puzzle the rewards are rather large.
The protocol is designed so that it takes, on average, 10 minutes to guess the answer. If a lot of computing power comes online and the answers are guessed faster, the protocol makes the puzzle more difficult. This is called the difficulty. Likewise if miners leave and the puzzle takes longer, the difficulty is lowered.
So common questions, like yours.
Can someone just change the code to create more than 25 bitcoins? No, because all the peers on the network must be compatible you would need to have every single last user agree to upgrade their software. You might be able to convince a few of your friends and they you would have a small 4-5 node network of your own, but it would not be bitcoin. This is called a fork and 2 networks are not compatible. Just like tcp/ip and smtp are different protocols.
There is a hard limit of 21 millions coins that can be mined. We are at about 13 million? I think. With the difficulty curve the limit will be reached around the year 2140. So again, can someone just change the limit? No, not without convincing every last person to change software.
Each coin is tagged with a unique signature were as its origin and lifecycle can be traced.
Can they be “hacked”?
No, the encryption the network uses is the same encryption used by banks, governments, nsa, etc. Both types of encryption have been public for decades now and have not been compromised. What you read about in the media is when people give up control of their coins (the keys) to a third party, like an exchange and the exchange disappears.
Remember I said i don’t like trusting anyone, so I don’t give my keys out. Its no different that giving out the combination to your safe, you get robbed and people claim gold is broken.
With these properties a finite, fungible token is created, that can’t be duplicated, inflated or manipulated is created. This is why they have value. The Bitcoin network is now has hundreds of times more computing power than the worlds top 500 super computers combined. It is the most powerful network on the planet.
Read everything, then check out bitcoin.org. Think on it a few days, then read again. It is hard to wrap ones head around. It took me a couple months before I got it.
[/quote]
nsimmons,
Thank you. That was a fantastic instructional on Bitcoin.